(PDF) CONTINGENCY PLANNING CONTENTS 1a… · CONTINGENCY PLANNING CONTENTS (This contents page does not form part of the Grid Code) Paragraph No/Title Page Number OC9.1 INTRODUCTION

Issue 5 Revision 16 OC9 24 May 2016

GC0102

OPERATING CODE 9 LEGAL TEXT

DATED 09/01/2018

OPERATING CODE NO. 9 (OC9)

CONTINGENCY PLANNING

CONTENTS

(This contents page does not form part of the Grid Code)

Paragraph No/Title Page Number

OC9.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 22

OC9.2 OBJECTIVE .......................................................................................................................................... 22

OC9.3 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................. 33

OC9.4 BLACK START ...................................................................................................................................... 33

OC9.4.1 - OC9.4.4 Total Shutdown And Partial Shutdown....................................................................... 33

OC9.4.5 Black Start Stations .................................................................................................................... 33

OC9.4.6 Black Start Situation ................................................................................................................... 44

OC9.4.7 Black Start .................................................................................................................................. 44

OC9.5 RE-SYNCHRONISATION OF DE-SYNCHRONISED ISLANDS ...................................................... 1212

OC9.5.2 Options ................................................................................................................................... 1212

OC9.5.3 Choice Of Option .................................................................................................................... 1414

OC9.5.4 Agreeing Procedures .............................................................................................................. 1515

OC9.6 JOINT SYSTEM INCIDENT PROCEDURE ...................................................................................... 1717

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OC9.1 INTRODUCTION

Operating Code No.9 ("OC9") covers the following:

OC9.1.1 Black Starts

The implementation of recovery procedures following a Total Shutdown or Partial

Shutdown.

OC9.1.2 Re-Synchronisation Of Islands

The Re-Synchronisation of parts of the Total System which have become Out of

Synchronism with each other irrespective of whether or not a Total Shutdown or Partial

Shutdown has occurred.

OC9.1.3 Joint System Incident Procedure

The establishment of a communication route and arrangements between senior

management representatives of NGET and Users involved in, or who may be involved in, an

actual or potential serious or widespread disruption to the Total System or a part of the

Total System, which requires, or may require, urgent managerial response, day or night, but

which does not fall within the provisions of OC9.1.4.

OC9.1.4 It should be noted that under section 96 of the Act the Secretary of State may give

directions to NGET and/or any Generator and/or any Supplier, for the purpose of "mitigating

the effects of any civil emergency which may occur" (ie. for the purposes of planning for a

civil emergency); a civil emergency is defined in the Act as "any natural disaster or other

emergency which, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, is or may be likely to disrupt

electricity supplies". Under the Energy Act 1976, the Secretary of State has powers to make

orders and give directions controlling the production, supply, acquisition or use of electricity,

where an Order in Council under section 3 is in force declaring that there is an actual or

imminent emergency affecting electricity supplies. In the event that any such directions are

given, or orders made under the Energy Act 1976, the provisions of the Grid Code will be

suspended in so far as they are inconsistent with them.

OC9.1.5 NGET shall procure that Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensees shall comply with

OC9.4 and OC9.5 and any relevant Local Joint Restoration Plan or OC9 De-

Synchronised Island Procedure where and to the extent that such matters apply to them.

OC9.2 OBJECTIVE

The overall objectives of OC9 are:

OC9.2.1 To achieve, as far as possible, restoration of the Total System and associated Demand in

the shortest possible time, taking into account Power Station capabilities, including

Embedded Generating Units, External Interconnections and the operational constraints

of the Total System.

OC9.2.2 To achieve the Re-Synchronisation of parts of the Total System which have become Out

of Synchronism with each other.

OC9.2.3 To ensure that communication routes and arrangements are available to enable senior

management representatives of NGET and Users, who are authorised to make binding

decisions on behalf of NGET or the relevant User, as the case may be, to communicate with

each other in the situation described in OC9.1.3.

OC9.2.4 To describe the role that in respect of Scottish Transmission Systems, Relevant Scottish

Transmission Licensees may have in the restoration processes as detailed in the relevant

OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedures and Local Joint Restoration Plans.

OC9.2.5 To identify and address as far as possible the events and processes necessary to enable the

restoration of the Total System, after a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown. This is likely

to require the following key processes to be implemented, typically, but not necessarily, in the

order given below:

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(i) Selectively implement Local Joint Restoration Plans

(ii) Expand Power Islands to supply Power Stations

(iii) Expand and merge Power Islands leading to Total System energisation

(iv) Selectively reconnect Demand

(v) Facilitate and co-ordinate returning the Total System back to normal operation

(vi) Resumption of the Balancing Mechanism if suspended in accordance with the

provisions of the BSC.

OC9.3 SCOPE

OC9.3.1 OC9 applies to NGET and to Users, which in OC9 means:-

(a) Generators;

(b) Network Operators; and

OC9.3.2 The procedure for the establishment of emergency support/contingency planning between

NGET and Externally Interconnected System Operators is set out in the Interconnection

Agreement with each Externally Interconnected System Operator.

OC9.3.3 In respect of Scottish Transmission Systems, OC9.4 and OC9.5 also apply to Relevant

Scottish Transmission Licensees.

OC9.4 BLACK START

Total Shutdown And Partial Shutdown

OC9.4.1 A "Total Shutdown" is the situation existing when all generation has ceased and there is no

electricity supply from External Interconnections. Therefore, the Total System has

shutdown with the result that it is not possible for the Total System to begin to function again

without NGET's directions relating to a Black Start.

OC9.4.2 A "Partial Shutdown" is the same as a Total Shutdown except that all generation has

ceased in a separate part of the Total System and there is no

electricity supply from External Interconnections or other parts of the Total System to that

part of the Total System. Therefore, that part of the Total System is shutdown with the

result that it is not possible for that part of the Total System to begin to function again

without NGET's directions relating to a Black Start.

OC9.4.3 During a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown and during the subsequent recovery, the

Licence Standards may not apply and the Total System may be operated outside normal

voltage and Frequency standards.

OC9.4.4 In a Total Shutdown and in a Partial Shutdown and during the subsequent recovery, it is

likely to be necessary for NGET to issue Emergency Instructions in accordance with

BC2.9.

OC9.4.5 Black Start Stations

OC9.4.5.1 Certain Power Stations ("Black Start Stations") are registered, pursuant to the Bilateral

Agreement with a User, as having an ability for at least one of its Gensets to Start-Up from

Shutdown and to energise a part of the Total System, or be Synchronised to the System,

upon instruction from NGET within two hours, without an external electrical power supply

("Black Start Capability").

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OC9.4.5.2 For each Black Start Station, a Local Joint Restoration Plan will be produced jointly by

NGET, the relevant Generator and Network Operator in accordance with the provisions of

OC9.4.7.12. The Local Joint Restoration Plan will detail the agreed method and procedure

by which a Genset at a Black Start Station (possibly with other Gensets at that Black Start

Station) will energise part of the Total System and meet complementary local Demand so

as to form a Power Island.

OC9.4.5.3 In respect of Scottish Transmission Systems, a Local Joint Restoration Plan may cover

more than one Black Start Station and may be produced with and include obligations on

Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensees, Generators responsible for Gensets not at a

Black Start Station and other Users.

OC9.4.6 Black Start Situation

In the event of a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown, NGET will, as soon as reasonably

practical, inform Users (or, in the case of a Partial Shutdown, Users which in NGET's

opinion need to be informed) and the BSCCo that a Total Shutdown, or, as the case may

be, a Partial Shutdown, exists and that NGET intends to implement a Black Start. NGET

shall (as soon as is practicable) determine, in its reasonable opinion, the time and date with

effect from which the Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown commenced and notify BSCCo

of that time and date.

In the event of a Total Shutdown and following such notification, in accordance with the

provisions of the BSC, the BSCCo will determine the Settlement Period with effect from

which the Balancing Mechanism is suspended.

In the event of a Partial Shutdown and following such notification, the Balancing

Mechanism will not be suspended until such time and date that the Market Suspension

Threshold has been met, or deemed to have been met, in accordance with the provisions of

the BSC. NGET shall carry out the monitoring activities required by paragraph G3.1 of the

BSC.

Following determination by NGET pursuant to its obligations under the BSC that the Market

Suspension Threshold has been met, or deemed to have been met, NGET shall (as soon

as practicable) inform the BSCCo of that time and date at which the Market Suspension

Threshold was met, or deemed to have been met, and the BSCCo will determine the

Settlement Period in accordance with the provisions of the BSC with effect from which the

Balancing Mechanism will be suspended.

Should NGET determine that the Total System is capable of returning to normal operation

without meeting the Market Suspension Threshold, NGET will follow the procedure given

in OC9.4.7.9.

The Black Start will conclude with effect from the time and date determined in accordance

with OC9.4.7.10.

In respect of Scottish Transmission Systems, in exceptional circ*mstances, as specified in

the Local Joint Restoration Plan, SPT or SHETL, may invoke such Local Joint

Restoration Plan for its own Transmission System and Scottish Offshore Transmission

Systems connected to it and operate within its provisions.

OC9.4.7 Black Start

OC9.4.7.1 The procedure necessary for a recovery from a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown is

known as a "Black Start". The procedure for a Partial Shutdown is the same as that for a

Total Shutdown except that it applies only to a part of the Total System. It should be

remembered that a Partial Shutdown may affect parts of the Total System which are not

themselves shutdown.

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OC9.4.7.2 The complexities and uncertainties of recovery from a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown

require that OC9 is sufficiently flexible in order to accommodate the full range of Genset and

Total System characteristics and operational possibilities, and this precludes the setting out

in the Grid Code itself of concise chronological sequences. The overall strategy will, in

general, include the overlapping phases of establishment of Genset(s) at an isolated Power

Station, together with complementary local Demand, termed "Power Islands", step by step

integration of these Power Islands into larger sub-systems which includes utilising the

procedures in OC9.5 (Re-Synchronisation of De-Synchronised Island) and eventually re-

establishment of the complete Total System.

NGET Instructions

OC9.4.7.3 The procedures for a Black Start will, therefore, be those specified by NGET at the time.

These will normally recognise any applicable Local Joint Restoration Plan. Users shall

abide by NGET's instructions during a Black Start situation, even if these conflict with the

general overall strategy outlined in OC9.4.7.2 or any applicable Local Joint Restoration

Plan. NGET's instructions may (although this list should not be regarded as exhaustive) be

to a Black Start Station relating to the commencement of generation, to a Network

Operator or Non-Embedded Customer relating to the restoration of Demand, and to a

Power Station relating to preparation for commencement of generation when an external

power supply is made available to it, and in each case may include the requirement to

undertake switching.

In respect of Scottish Transmission Systems SPT and SHETL will act on NGET’s behalf in

accordance with its duties under the relevant Local Joint Restoration Plan. Scottish

Users shall abide by SPT’s or SHETL’s instructions given in accordance with the Local

Joint Restoration Plan during a Black Start situation.

OC9.4.7.4 (a) Black Start following a Total Shutdown or where the Balancing Mechanism has been

suspended following a Partial Shutdown

During a Black Start situation where the Balancing Mechanism has been suspended, all

instructions to Power Stations and to Network Operators will be deemed to be Emergency

Instructions under BC2.9.2.2 (iii). All such Emergency Instructions will recognise any

differing Black Start operational capabilities (however termed) set out in the relevant

Ancillary Services Agreement in preference to the declared operational capability as

registered pursuant to BC1 (or as amended from time to time in accordance with the BC).

For the purposes of these instructions the Black Start will be an emergency circ*mstance

under BC2.9.

In Scotland, Gensets that are not at Black Start Stations, but which are part of a Local

Joint Restoration Plan, may be instructed in accordance with the provisions of that Local

Joint Restoration Plan.

(b) Black Start following a Partial Shutdown where the Balancing Mechanism has not

been suspended

During a Black Start situation where the Balancing Mechanism has not been suspended,

instructions in relation to Black Start Stations and to Network Operators which are part of

an invoked Local Joint Restoration Plan will (unless NGET specifies otherwise) be deemed

to be Emergency Instructions under BC2.9.2.2 (iv) and will recognise any differing Black

Start operational capabilities (however termed) set out in the relevant Ancillary Services

Agreement in preference to the declared operational capability as registered pursuant to

BC1 (or as amended from time to time in accordance with the BC). For the purposes of

these instructions the Black Start will be an emergency circ*mstance under BC2.9.

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During a Black Start situation where the Balancing Mechanism has not been suspended,

NGET may issue instructions to Users other than Black Start Stations and Network

Operators which are part of an invoked Local Joint Restoration Plan. Such instructions

would be Emergency Instructions pursuant to BC2.9.1.2(e)(i) subject to the requirements of

BC2.9.2.2 being met.

In Scotland, Gensets that are not at Black Start Stations, but which are part of an invoked

Local Joint Restoration Plan, may be instructed in accordance with the provisions of that

Local Joint Restoration Plan.

being experienced, keep within its safe operating parameters, the Generator shall, unless a

Local Joint Restoration Plan is in operation, inform NGET. NGET will, where possible,

either instruct Demand to be altered or will re-configure the National Electricity

Transmission System or will instruct a User to re-configure its System in order to alleviate

the problem being experienced by the Generator. If a Local Joint Restoration Plan is in

operation, then the arrangements set out therein shall apply. However, NGET accepts that

any decision to keep a Genset operating, if outside its safe operating parameters, is one for

the Generator concerned alone and accepts that the Generator may change generation on

that Genset if it believes it is necessary for safety reasons (whether relating to personnel or

Plant and/or Apparatus). If such a change is made without prior notice, then the Generator

shall inform NGET as soon as reasonably practical (unless a Local Joint Restoration Plan

is in operation in which case the arrangements set out therein shall apply).

Embedded Power Stations

OC9.4.7.5 Without prejudice to the provisions of OC9.4.7.8, Network Operators with Embedded

Power Stations will comply with any directions of NGET to restore Demand to be met by the

Embedded Power Stations.

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Local Joint Restoration Plan operation

OC9.4.7.6 (a) The following provisions apply in relation to a Local Joint Restoration Plan. As set out

in OC9.4.7.3, NGET may issue instructions which conflict with a Local Joint

Restoration Plan. In such cases, these instructions will take precedence over the

requirements of the Local Joint Restoration Plan. When issuing such instructions,

NGET shall state whether or not it wishes the remainder of the Local Joint Restoration

Plan to apply. If, not withstanding that NGET has stated that it wishes the remainder of

the Local Joint Restoration Plan to apply, the Generator or the relevant Network

Operator consider that NGET’s instructions mean that it is not possible to operate the

Local Joint Restoration Plan as modified by those instructions, any of them may give

notice to NGET and the other parties to the Local Joint Restoration Plan to this effect

and NGET shall immediately consult with all parties to the Local Joint Restoration

Plan. Unless all parties to the Local Joint Restoration Plan reach an agreement

forthwith as to how the Local Joint Restoration Plan shall operate in those

circ*mstances, operation in accordance with the Local Joint Restoration Plan will

terminate.

(b) Where NGET, as part of a Black Start, has given an instruction to a Black Start

Station to initiate Start-Up, the relevant Genset(s) at the Black Start Station will Start-

Up in accordance with the Local Joint Restoration Plan.

System so as to segregate its Demand and to carry out such other actions as set out in

the Local Joint Restoration Plan. The relevant Network Operator will then operate in

accordance with the provisions of the Local Joint Restoration Plan.

(d) NGET will ensure that switching carried out on the National Electricity Transmission

System and other actions are as set out in the Local Joint Restoration Plan.

(e) Following notification from the Generator that the Black Start Station is ready to

accept load, NGET will instruct the Black Start Station to energise part of the Total

System. The Black Start Station and the relevant Network Operator will then, in

accordance with the requirements of the Local Joint Restoration Plan, establish

communication and agree the output of the relevant Genset(s) and the connection of

Demand so as to establish a Power Island. During this period, the Generator will be

required to regulate the output of the relevant Genset(s) at its Black Start Station to

the Demand prevailing in the Power Island in which it is situated, on the basis that it will

(where practicable) seek to maintain the Target Frequency. The Genset(s) at the

Black Start Station will (where practical) also seek to follow the requirements relating to

Reactive Power (which may include the requirement to maintain a target voltage) set

out in the Local Joint Restoration Plan.

(f) Operation in accordance with the Local Joint Restoration Plan will be terminated by

NGET (by notifying the relevant Users) prior to connecting the Power Island to other

Power Islands (other than, in Scotland, as allowed for in the Local Joint Restoration

Plan), or to the User System of another Network Operator, or to the synchronising of

Gensets at other Power Stations (other than, in Scotland, those forming part of the

Local Joint Restoration Plan). Operation in accordance with the Local Joint

Restoration Plan will also terminate in the circ*mstances provided for in OC9.4.7.6(a) if

an agreement is not reached or if NGET states that it does not wish the remainder of the

Local Joint Restoration Plan to apply. Users will then comply with the Bid-Offer

Acceptances or Emergency Instructions of NGET.

(g) In Scotland, Gensets included in a Local Joint Restoration Plan, but not at a Black

Start Station, will operate in accordance with the requirements of the Local Joint

Restoration Plan.

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Interconnection of Power Islands

OC9.4.7.7 NGET will instruct the relevant Users so as to interconnect Power Islands to achieve larger

sub-systems, and subsequently the interconnection of these sub-systems to form an

integrated system. This should eventually achieve the re-establishment of the Total System

or that part of the Total System subject to the Partial Shutdown, as the case may be. The

interconnection of Power Islands and sub-systems will utilise the provisions of all or part of

OC9.5 (Re-Synchronisation of De-synchronised Islands) and in such a situation such

provisions will be part of the Black Start.

OC9.4.7.8 As part of the Black Start strategy each Network Operator with either an Embedded Black

Start Station which has established a Power Island within its User System or with any

Embedded Power Stations within its User System which have become islanded, may in

liaison with NGET sustain and expand these islands in accordance with the relevant

provisions of OC9.5 which shall apply to this OC9.4 as if set out here. They will inform NGET

of their actions and will not Re-Synchronise to the National Electricity Transmission

System or any

User's System which is already Synchronised to the National Electricity Transmission

System without NGET's agreement.

Return the Total System Back to Normal Operation

OC9.4.7.9 NGET shall, as soon as reasonably practical, inform Users and the BSCCo when the Total

System could return to normal operation. Any such determination by NGET does not mean

that the provisions of Section G paragraph 3 (Black Start) of the BSC shall cease to apply.

In making the determination that the Total System could return to normal operation, NGET,

would consider, amongst other things, the following areas:

(a) the extent to which the National Electricity Transmission System is contiguous and

energised;

(b) the integrity and stability of the National Electricity Transmission System and its

ability to operate in accordance with the Licence Standards;

corresponding ability to maximise the Demand connected; and

(d) the volume of generation or Demand not connected to the National Electricity

Transmission System; and

(e) the functionality of normal communication systems (i.e. electronic data communication

facilities, Control Telephony, etc).

In the event that the Balancing Mechanism has been suspended, it will not resume until the

start of the Settlement Period determined by the BSC Panel in accordance with paragraph

G3.1.2(d)(i) of the BSC.

For the avoidance of doubt, until resumption of the Balancing Mechanism, NGET is likely to

continue to issue Emergency Instructions in accordance with BC2.9.

Users shall use reasonable endeavours to submit Physical notifications ten hours prior to

the start of the Settlement Period determined by the BSC Panel in accordance with

paragraph G3.1.2(d)(i) of the BSC and as notified by NGET to Users, in preparation for a

return to normal operations.

In the event that the Balancing Mechanism has not been suspended and NGET has

determined that the Total System has returned to normal operation, NGET shall inform

Users and the BSCCo as soon as possible of the time and date at which (in NGET’s

determination) the Total System returned to normal operation.

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Conclusion of Black Start

OC9.4.7.10 The provisions of this OC9 shall cease to apply with effect from either:

(a) Where the Balancing Mechanism was suspended, the start of the Settlement Period

that the Balancing Mechanism resumed normal operation, as determined by the BSC

Panel and notified by the BSCCo in accordance with the provisions of the BSC; or

(b) Where the Balancing Mechanism was not suspended, the end of the Settlement

Period determined and notified by the BSCCo (in accordance with the provisions of the

BSC) and corresponding to the time and date that NGET determined that the Total System

had returned to normal operation.

Externally Interconnected System Operators

OC9.4.7.11 During a Black Start, NGET will, pursuant to the Interconnection Agreement with

Externally Interconnected System Operators, agree with Externally Interconnected

System Operators when their transmission systems can be Re-Synchronised to the Total

System, if they have become separated.

OC9.4.7.12 Local Joint Restoration Plan Establishment

(a) In England and Wales, in relation to each Black Start Station, NGET, the Network

Operator and the relevant Generator will discuss and agree a Local Joint Restoration

Plan. Where at the date of the first inclusion of this OC9.4.7.12 into the Grid Code a

local plan covering the procedures to be covered in a Local Joint Restoration Plan is

in existence and agreed, NGET will discuss this with the Network Operator and the

relevant Generator to agree whether it is consistent with the principles set out in this

OC9.4. If it is agreed to be so consistent, then it shall become a Local Joint

Restoration Plan under this OC9 and the relevant provisions of OC9.4.7.12(b) shall

apply. If it is not agreed to be so consistent, then the provisions of OC9.4.7.12(b) shall

apply as if there is no Local Joint Restoration Plan in place.

In respect of Scottish Transmission Systems where a requirement for a Local Joint

Restoration Plan is identified, NGET, the Relevant Scottish Transmission

Licensee(s), the Network Operator and Black Start Station(s) will discuss and agree

a Local Joint Restoration Plan. In addition other Users, including other Generators,

may be reasonably required by NGET to discuss and agree a Local Joint Restoration

Plan.

(b) In England and Wales, where the need for a Local Joint Restoration Plan arises when

there is none in place, the following provisions shall apply:

(i) NGET, the Network Operator and the relevant Generator will discuss and agree

the detail of the Local Joint Restoration Plan as soon as the requirement for a

Local Joint Restoration Plan is identified by NGET. NGET will notify all affected

Users, and will initiate these discussions.

(ii) Each Local Joint Restoration Plan will be in relation to a specific Black Start

Station.

(iii) The Local Joint Restoration Plan will record which Users and which User Sites

are covered by the Local Joint Restoration Plan and set out what is required from

NGET and each User should a Black Start situation arise.

(iv) Each Local Joint Restoration Plan shall be prepared by NGET to reflect the

above discussions and agreement.

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(v) Each page of the Local Joint Restoration Plan shall bear a date of issue and the

issue number.

(vi) When a Local Joint Restoration Plan has been prepared, it shall be sent by

NGET to the Users involved for confirmation of its accuracy.

(vii) The Local Joint Restoration Plan shall then (if its accuracy has been confirmed)

be signed on behalf of NGET and on behalf of each relevant User by way of written

confirmation of its accuracy.

(viii) Once agreed under this OC9.4.7.12, the procedure will become a Local Joint

Restoration Plan under the Grid Code and (subject to any change pursuant to this

OC9) will apply between NGET and the relevant Users as if it were part of the Grid

Code.

(ix) Once signed, a copy of the Local Joint Restoration Plan will be distributed by

NGET to each User which is a party to it accompanied by a note indicating the date

of implementation.

(x) NGET and Users must make the Local Joint Restoration Plan readily available to

the relevant operational staff.

(xi) If NGET, or any User which is a party to a Local Joint Restoration Plan, becomes

aware that a change is needed to that Local Joint Restoration Plan, it shall (in the

case of NGET) initiate a discussion between NGET and the relevant Users to seek

to agree the relevant change. If a User becomes so aware, it shall contact NGET

who will then initiate such discussions. The principles applying to establishing a new

Local Joint Restoration Plan under this OC9.4.7.12 shall apply to such

discussions and to any consequent changes.

(xii) NGET, the Network Operator and the relevant Generator will conduct regular joint

exercises of the Local Joint Restoration Plan to which they are parties. The

objectives of such exercises include:

To test the effectiveness of the Local Joint Restoration Plan;

To provide for joint training of the parties in respect of the Local Joint

Restoration Plan;

To maintain the parties’ awareness and familiarity of the Local Joint

Restoration Plan;

To promote understanding of each parties’ roles under a Local Joint

Restoration Plan;

To identify any improvement areas which should be incorporated in to the

Local Joint Restoration Plan.

The principles applying to the establishment of a new Local Joint

Restoration Plan under this OC9.4.7.12 shall apply to any changes to the

Local Joint Restoration Plan.

NGET will propose to the parties of a Local Joint Restoration Plan a date for the

exercise to take place, to be agreed with the other parties. All the Local Joint

Restoration Plan parties will jointly share the task of planning, preparing,

participating in and facilitating the exercises, which will normally be in desktop

format or as otherwise agreed. The precise timing of the exercise for each Local

Joint Restoration Plan will be agreed by all parties, but will not be less than one

every 8 years.

Restoration Plan arises, the following provisions shall apply:

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(i) NGET, the Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s), the Network Operator

and the relevant Generator will discuss and agree the detail of the Local Joint

Restoration Plan as soon as the requirement for a Local Joint Restoration Plan

is identified by NGET. In addition other Scottish Users, including other

Generators, may be reasonably required by NGET to discuss and agree details of

the Local Joint Restoration Plan as soon as the requirement for a Local Joint

Restoration Plan is identified by NGET. NGET will notify the Relevant Scottish

Transmission Licensee(s) and all affected Scottish Users, and will initiate these

discussions.

(ii) Each Local Joint Restoration Plan may be in relation to either a specific Black

Start Station or a number of Black Start Stations, and may include Gensets at

Power Stations other than a Black Start Station.

(iii) The Local Joint Restoration Plan will record which Scottish Users and which

Scottish User Sites are covered by the Local Joint Restoration Plan and set out

what is required from NGET, the Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s)

and each Scottish User should a Black Start situation arise.

(iv) Each Local Joint Restoration Plan shall be prepared by NGET to reflect the

above discussions and agreement.

(v) Each page of the Local Joint Restoration Plan shall bear a date of issue and the

issue number.

(vi) When a Local Joint Restoration Plan has been prepared, it shall be sent by

NGET to the Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s) and Scottish Users

involved for confirmation of its accuracy.

(vii) The Local Joint Restoration Plan shall then (if its accuracy has been confirmed)

be signed on behalf of NGET and on behalf of each relevant Scottish User and

Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s) by way of written confirmation of its

accuracy.

(viii) Once agreed under this OC9.4.7.12, the procedure will become a Local Joint

Restoration Plan under the Grid Code and (subject to any change pursuant to this

OC9) will apply between NGET, Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s)

and the relevant Scottish Users as if it were part of the Grid Code.

(ix) Once signed, a copy of the Local Joint Restoration Plan will be distributed by

NGET to the Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s) and each Scottish

User which is a party to it accompanied by a note indicating the date of

implementation.

(x) NGET, the Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s) and Scottish Users

must make the Local Joint Restoration Plan readily available to the relevant

operational staff.

(xi) If NGET, the Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s) or any Scottish User

which is a party to a Local Joint Restoration Plan, becomes aware that a change

is needed to that Local Joint Restoration Plan, it shall (in the case of NGET)

initiate a discussion between NGET, the Relevant Scottish Transmission

Licensee(s) and the relevant Scottish Users to seek to agree the relevant change.

If a Scottish User or a Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee becomes so

aware, it shall contact NGET who will then initiate such discussions. The principles

applying to establishing a new Local Joint Restoration Plan under this

OC9.4.7.12 shall apply to such discussions and to any consequent changes.

(xii) NGET, the Relevant Scottish Transmission Licensee(s), the Network Operator

and the relevant Generator will conduct regular joint exercises of the Local Joint

Restoration Plan to which they are parties. The objectives of such exercises

include:

Issue 5 Revision 16 OC9 24 May 2016

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To test the effectiveness of the Local Joint Restoration Plan;

To provide for joint training of the parties in respect of the Local Joint

Restoration Plan;

To maintain the parties’ awareness and familiarity of the Local Joint

Restoration Plan;

To promote understanding of each parties’ roles under a Local Joint

Restoration Plan;

To identify any improvement areas which should be incorporated in to the

Local Joint Restoration Plan.

The principles applying to the establishment of a new Local Joint

Restoration Plan under this OC9.4.7.12 shall apply to any changes to the

Local Joint Restoration Plan.

NGET will propose to the parties of a Local Joint Restoration Plan a date for the

exercise to take place, to be agreed with the other parties. All the Local Joint

Restoration Plan parties will jointly share the task of planning, preparing,

participating in and facilitating the exercises, which will normally be in desktop

format or as otherwise agreed. The precise timing of the exercise for each Local

Joint Restoration Plan will be agreed by all parties, but will not be less than one

every 8 years.

OC9.5 RE-SYNCHRONISATION OF DE-SYNCHRONISED ISLANDS

The provisions in this OC9.5 do not apply to the parts of the Total System that normally

operate Out of Synchronism with the rest of the National Electricity Transmission

System.

Further requirements, including the provision of information, applying to Re-synchronisation

of De-synchronised Islands following any Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown are

detailed in OC9.5.6.

OC9.5.1 (a) Where parts of the Total System are Out of Synchronism with each other (each such

part being termed a "De-Synchronised Island"), but there is no Total Shutdown or

Partial Shutdown, NGET will instruct Users to regulate generation or Demand, as the

case may be, to enable the De-Synchronised Islands to be Re-Synchronised and

NGET will inform those Users when Re-Synchronisation has taken place.

(b) As part of that process, there may be a need to deal specifically with Embedded

generation in those De-Synchronised Islands. This OC9.5 provides for how such

Embedded generation should be dealt with. In Scotland, this OC9.5 also provides for

how Transmission connected generation in De-Synchronised Islands should be dealt

with.

Synchronisation, it will issue Emergency Instructions in accordance with BC2.9 and it

may be necessary to depart from normal Balancing Mechanism operation in

accordance with BC2 in issuing Bid-Offer Acceptances.

(d) The provisions of this OC9.5 shall also apply during a Black Start to the Re-

Synchronising of parts of the System following a Total or Partial Shutdown, as

indicated in OC9.4. In such cases, the provisions of the OC9.5 shall apply following

completion and/or termination of the relevant Local Joint Restoration Plan(s) process

as referred to in OC9.4.7.6(f).

OC9.5.2 Options

Generation in those De-Synchronised Islands may be dealt with in three different ways,

more than one of which may be utilised in relation to any particular incident:-

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OC9.5.2.1 Indirect Data

(a) NGET, each Generator with Synchronised (or connected and available to generate

although not Synchronised) Genset(s) in the De-Synchronised Island and the

Network Operator whose User System forms all or part of the De-Synchronised

Island shall exchange information as set out in this OC9.5.2.1 to enable NGET to issue

a Bid-Offer Acceptance or an Emergency Instruction to that Generator in relation to

its Genset(s) in the De-Synchronised Island until Re-Synchronisation takes place, on

the basis that it will (where practicable) seek to maintain the Target Frequency.

(b) The information to NGET from the Generator will cover its relevant operational

parameters as outlined in the BC and from NGET to the Generator will cover data on

Demand and changes in Demand in the De-Synchronised Island.

the De-Synchronised Island, including data on any constraints within the De-

Synchronised Island.

(d) NGET will keep the Network Operator informed of the Bid-Offer Acceptances or

Emergency Instructions it is issuing to Embedded Genset(s) within the Network

Operator’s User System forming part of the De-Synchronised Island.

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OC9.5.2.2 Direct Data

(a) NGET will issue an Emergency Instruction and/or a Bid-Offer Acceptance, to the

Generator to "float" local Demand and maintain Frequency at Target Frequency.

Under this, the Generator will be required to regulate the output of its Genset(s) at the

Power Station in question to the Demand prevailing in the De-Synchronised Island in

which it is situated, until Re-Synchronisation takes place, on the basis that it will

(where practicable) seek to maintain the Target Frequency.

(b) The Network Operator is required to be in contact with the Generator at the Power

Station to supply data on Demand changes within the De-Synchronised Island.

connected to the De-Synchronised Island and available to generate although not

Synchronised, the Network Operator will need to liaise with NGET to agree which

Genset(s) will be utilised to accommodate changes in Demand in the De-

Synchronised Island. The Network Operator will then maintain contact with the

relevant Generator (or Generators) in relation to that Genset(s).

(d) The Generator at the Power Station must contact the Network Operator if the level of

Demand which it has been asked to meet as a result of the Emergency Instruction

and/or Bid-Offer Acceptance to "float" and the detail on Demand passed on by the

Network Operator, is likely to cause problems for safety reasons (whether relating to

personnel or Plant and/or Apparatus) in the operation of its Genset(s), in order that the

Network Operator can alter the level of Demand which that Generator needs to meet.

Any decision to operate outside any relevant parameters is one entirely for the

Generator.

OC9.5.2.3 Control Features

(a) A system may be established in relation to a part of the National Electricity

Transmission System and a Network Operator’s User System, if agreed between

NGET and the Network Operator and any relevant Generator(s), whereby upon a

defined fault(s) occurring, manual or automatic control features will operate to protect

the National Electricity Transmission System and relevant Network Operator’s User

System and Genset(s) and simplify the restoration of Demand in the De-

Synchronised Island.

(b) In agreeing the establishment of such a system of control features NGET will need to

consider its impact on the operation of the National Electricity Transmission System.

OC9.5.2.4 Absence of Control Features System

If a system of control features under OC9.5.2.3 has not been agreed as part of an OC9 De-

Synchronised Island Procedure under OC9.5.4 below, NGET may choose to utilise the

procedures set out in OC9.5.2.1 or OC9.5.2.2, or may instruct the Genset(s) (or some of

them) in the De-Synchronised Island to De-Synchronise.

OC9.5.3 Choice Of Option

In relation to each of the methods set out in OC9.5.2, where a De-Synchronised Island has

come into existence and where an OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure under OC9.5.4

has been agreed, NGET, the Network Operator and relevant Generator(s) will operate in

accordance with that OC9 De-Synchronised Islands Procedure unless NGET considers

that the nature of the De-Synchronised Island situation is such that either:-

(i) the OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure does not cover the situation; or

(ii) the provisions of the OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure are not appropriate,

in which case NGET will instruct the relevant Users and the Users will comply with NGET's

instructions (which in the case of Generators will relate to generation and in the case of

Network Operators will relate to Demand).

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OC9.5.4 Agreeing Procedures

In relation to each relevant part of the Total System, NGET, the Network Operator and the

relevant Generator will discuss and may agree a local procedure (an "OC9 De-

Synchronised Island Procedure").

OC9.5.4.1 Where there is no relevant local procedure in place at 12th May 1997, or in the case where

the need for an OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure arises for the first time, the

following provisions shall apply:

(a) NGET, the Network Operator(s) and the relevant Generator(s) will discuss the need

for, and the detail of, the OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure. As soon as the

need for an OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure is identified by NGET or a User,

and the party which identifies such a need will notify all affected Users (and NGET, if

that party is a User), and NGET will initiate these discussions.

(b) Each OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure will be in relation to a specific Grid

Supply Point, but if there is more than one Grid Supply Point between NGET and the

Network Operator then the OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure may cover all

relevant Grid Supply Points. In Scotland, the OC9 De-Synchronised Island

Procedure may also cover parts of the National Electricity Transmission System

connected to the User’s System(s) and Power Stations directly connected to the

National Electricity Transmission System which are also likely to form part of the

Power Island.

(i) record which Users and which User Sites are covered by the OC9 De-

Synchronised Island Procedure;

(ii) record which of the three methods set out in OC9.5 (or combination of the three)

shall apply, with any conditions as to applicability being set out as well;

(iii) set out what is required from NGET and each User should a De-Synchronised

Island arise;

(iv) set out what action should be taken if the OC9 De-Synchronised Island

Procedure does not cover a particular set of circ*mstances and will reflect that in

the absence of any specified action, the provisions of OC9.5.3 will apply;

(v) in respect of Scottish Transmission Systems, the OC9 De-Synchronised Island

Procedure may be produced with and include obligations on the Relevant

Scottish Transmission Licensee(s) ; and

(vi) in respect of Scottish Transmission Systems, where the OC9 De-Synchronised

Island Procedure includes the establishment of a De-synchronised Island,

describe the route for establishment of the De-Synchronised Island.

(d) Each OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure shall be prepared by NGET to reflect

the above discussions.

(e) Each page of the OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure shall bear a date of issue

and the issue number.

(f) When an OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure is prepared, it shall be sent by

NGET to the Users involved for confirmation of its accuracy.

(g) The OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure shall then be signed on behalf of NGET

and on behalf of each relevant User by way of written confirmation of its accuracy.

(h) Once agreed under this OC9.5.4.1, the procedure will become an OC9 De-

Synchronised Island Procedure under the Grid Code and (subject to any change

pursuant to this OC9) will apply between NGET, Relevant Transmission Licensee and

the relevant Users as if it were part of the Grid Code.

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(i) Once signed, a copy will be distributed by NGET to each User which is a party

accompanied by a note indicating the issue number and the date of implementation.

(j) NGET and Users must make the OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure readily

available to the relevant operational staff.

(k) If a new User connects to the Total System and needs to be included with an existing

OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure, NGET will initiate a discussion with that

User and the Users which are parties to the relevant OC9 De-Synchronised Island

Procedure. The principles applying to a new OC9 De-Synchronised Island

Procedure under this OC9.5.4.1 shall apply to such discussions and to any consequent

changes.

(l) If NGET, or any User which is a party to an OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure,

becomes aware that a change is needed to that OC9 De-Synchronised Island

Procedure, it shall (in the case of NGET) initiate a discussion between NGET and the

relevant Users to seek to agree the relevant change. The principles applying to

establishing a new OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure under this OC9.5.4.1

shall apply to such discussions and to any consequent changes. If a User becomes so

aware, it shall contact NGET who will then initiate such discussions.

(m) If in relation to any discussions, agreement cannot be reached between NGET and the

relevant Users, NGET will operate the System on the basis that it will discuss which of

the three methods set out in OC9.5.2.1 to OC9.5.2.3 would be most appropriate at the

time, if practicable. The complexities and uncertainties of recovery from a De-

Synchronised Island means that NGET will decide, having discussed the situation with

the relevant Users and taking into account the fact that the three methods may not

cover the situation or be appropriate, the approach which is to be followed. NGET will

instruct the relevant Users and the Users will comply with NGET's instructions as

provided in OC9.5.3.

OC9.5.4.2 Where there is a relevant local procedure in place at 12th May 1997, the following provisions

shall apply:

(a) NGET and the Network Operator and the relevant Generator(s) will discuss the

existing procedure to see whether it is consistent with the principles set out in this

OC9.5.

(b) If it is, then it shall become an OC9 De-Synchronised Island Procedure under this

OC9, and the relevant provisions of OC9.5.4.1 shall apply.

consistent, and once agreed the procedure will become an OC9 De-Synchronised

Island Procedure under this OC9, and the relevant provisions of OC9.5.4.1 shall apply.

(d) If agreement cannot be reached between NGET and the relevant Users after a

reasonable period of time, the existing procedure will cease to apply and NGET will

operate the System on the basis that it will discuss which of the three methods set out in

OC9.5.2.1 to OC9.5.2.3 would be most appropriate at the time, if practicable. The

complexities and uncertainties of recovery from a De-Synchronised Island means that

NGET will decide, having discussed the situation with the relevant Users and taking into

account the fact that the three methods may not cover the situation or be appropriate,

the approach which is to be followed. NGET will instruct the relevant Users and the

Users will comply with NGET's instructions as provided in OC9.5.3.

OC9.5.5 Where the National Electricity Transmission System is Out of Synchronism with the

Transmission System of an Externally Interconnected System Operator, NGET will,

pursuant to the Interconnection Agreement with that Externally Interconnected System

Operator, agree with that Externally Interconnected System Operator when its

Transmission System can be Re-Synchronised to the National Electricity Transmission

System.

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OC9.5.6 Further requirements regarding Re-synchronisation of De-synchronised Islands following

any Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown

Following any Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown, NGET expects that it will be necessary

to interconnect Power Islands utilising the provisions of OC9.5. The complexities and

uncertainties of recovery from a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown requires the

provisions of OC9.5 to be flexible, however, the strategies which NGET will, where

practicable, be seeking to follow when Re-synchronising De-synchronised Islands

following any Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown, include the following:

(a) the provision of supplies to appropriate Power Stations to facilitate their synchronisation

as soon as practicable;

(b) energisation of a skeletal National Electricity Transmission System;

As highlighted in OC9.4.3, during a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown and during the

subsequent recovery, which includes any period during which the procedures in this OC9.5

apply, the Licence Standards may not apply and the Total System may be operated

outside normal voltage and Frequency standards.

OC9.5.7 To manage effectively and co-ordinationordinateion the restoration strategies of the Total

System (any Re-Synchronisation of De-Synchronised Islands) following any Total

Shutdown or Partial Shutdown, requires NGET and relevant Users to undertake certain

planning activities as set out below:

(a) NGET and Network Operators shall review on a regular basis the processes by which

each Power Island will be interconnected. This is likely to cover an exchange of

information regarding the typical size, location and timing requirements for Demand to

be reconnected and also include details (ability to change/disable) of the low frequency

trip relay settings of the Demand identified.

(b) Each Generator shall provide to NGET information to assist NGET in the formulation of

the restoration strategies of Power Island expansion. This information shall be

provided in accordance with PC.A.5.7.

OC9.6 JOINT SYSTEM INCIDENT PROCEDURE

OC9.6.1 A "Joint System Incident" is

(a) an Event, wherever occurring (other than on an Embedded Small Power Station or

Embedded Medium Power Station), which, in the opinion of NGET or a User, has or

may have a serious and/or widespread effect.

(b) In the case of an Event on a User(s) System(s) (other than on an Embedded Small

Power Station or Embedded Medium Power Station), the effect must be on the

National Electricity Transmission System, and in the case of an Event on the

National Electricity Transmission System, the effect must be on a User(s)

System(s) (other than on an Embedded Small Power Station or Embedded Medium

Power Station).

Where an Event on a User(s) System(s) has or may have no effect on the National

Electricity Transmission System, then such an Event does not fall within OC9 and

accordingly OC9 shall not apply to it.

OC9.6.2 (a) (i) Each User (other than Generators which only have Embedded Small Power

Stations and/or Embedded Medium Power Stations) will provide in writing to

NGET, and

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Issue 5 Revision 16 OC9 24 May 2016

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(ii) NGET will provide in writing to each User (other than Generators which only have

Embedded Small Power Stations and/or Embedded Medium Power Stations),

a telephone number or numbers at which, or through which, senior management

representatives nominated for this purpose and who are fully authorised to make

binding decisions on behalf of NGET or the relevant User, as the case may be, can

be contacted day or night when there is a Joint System Incident.

(b) The lists of telephone numbers will be provided in accordance with the timing

requirements of the Bilateral Agreement and/or Construction Agreement with that

User, prior to the time that a User connects to the National Electricity Transmission

System and must be up-dated (in writing) as often as the information contained in them

changes.

OC9.6.3 Following notification of an Event under OC7, NGET or a User, as the case may be, will, if it

considers necessary, telephone the User or NGET, as the case may be, on the telephone

number referred to in OC9.6.2, to obtain such additional information as it requires.

OC9.6.4 Following notification of an Event under OC7, and/or the receipt of any additional information

requested pursuant to OC9.6.3, NGET or a User, as the case may be, will determine whether

or not the Event is a Joint System Incident, and, if so, NGET and/or the User may set up

an Incident Centre in order to avoid overloading the existing NGET or that User's, as the

case may be, operational/control arrangements.

OC9.6.5 Where NGET has determined that an Event is a Joint System Incident, NGET shall, as

soon as possible, notify all relevant Users that a Joint System Incident has occurred and, if

appropriate, that it has established an Incident Centre and the telephone number(s) of its

Incident Centre if different from those already supplied pursuant to OC9.6.2.

OC9.6.6 If a User establishes an Incident Centre it shall, as soon as possible, notify NGET that it has

been established and the telephone number(s) of the Incident Centre if different from those

already supplied pursuant to OC9.6.2.

OC9.6.7 NGET's Incident Centre and/or the User's Incident Centre will not assume any

responsibility for the operation of the National Electricity Transmission System or User's

System, as the case may be, but will be the focal point in NGET or the User, as the case

may be, for:

(a) the communication and dissemination of information between NGET and the senior

management representatives of User(s); or

(b) between the User and the senior management representatives of NGET, as the case

may be,

relating to the Joint System Incident. The term "Incident Centre" does not imply a

specially built centre for dealing with Joint System Incidents, but is a communications focal

point. During a Joint System Incident, the normal communication channels, for

operational/control communication between NGET and Users will continue to be used.

OC9.6.8 All communications between the senior management representatives of the relevant parties

with regard to NGET's role in the Joint System Incident shall be made via NGET's Incident

Centre if it has been established.

OC9.6.9 All communications between the senior management representatives of NGET and a User

with regard to that User's role in the Joint System Incident shall be made via that User's

Incident Centre if it has been established.

OC9.6.10 NGET will decide when conditions no longer justify the need to use its Incident Centre and

will inform all relevant Users of this decision.

OC9.6.11 Each User which has established an Incident Centre will decide when conditions no longer

justify the need to use that Incident Centre and will inform NGET of this decision.

< END OF OPERATING CODE NO. 9 >

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(PDF) CONTINGENCY PLANNING CONTENTS 1a… · CONTINGENCY PLANNING CONTENTS (This contents page does not form part of the Grid Code) Paragraph No/Title Page Number OC9.1 INTRODUCTION - PDFSLIDE.NET (2024)

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What are the 7 steps in contingency planning? ›

NIST's 7-Step Contingency Planning Process

Develop the contingency planning policy statement. ...
Conduct the business impact analysis (BIA). ...
Identify preventive controls. ...
Create contingency strategies. ...
Develop an information system contingency plan. ...
Ensure plan testing, training, and exercises. ...
Ensure plan maintenance.

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What are the 5 steps of contingency planning? ›

Five steps to build a strong contingency plan

Make a list of risks and prioritize them according to likelihood and severity. ...
Create a business impact analysis (BIA) report. ...
Make a plan. ...
Get buy-in from the entire organization—and be realistic about cost. ...
Test and reassess your plans regularly.

Jul 12, 2023

What is an example of a contingency plan? ›

A contingency plan could involve putting away money, having backup equipment ready and getting the right insurance. This all depends on the risk itself and what kind of impact it might have. Regardless of what the risks may be, operations managers are required to have clear plans in place to deal with these events.

What is the contingency planning? ›

Contingency planning means preparing an organization to be ready to respond effectively in the event of an emergency. It is an important part of the IFRC's work supporting National Society preparedness. Time spent in contingency planning equals time saved when a disaster strikes.

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What is contingency planning pdf? ›

The contingency solution involves alternative processes and recovery strategies so that in the case of a contingency, all the necessary resources are available in order to bring the system back to normal operation using the minimum resources and in the least possible time.

What is a good contingency percentage? ›

How much contingency do I factor in? Industry standard for construction risk contingency is 3-10% of total hard costs. Some developers budget contingency for soft costs as well, typically 1% percent of total project costs or 10-20% of total soft costs.

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What is the difference between contingency planning and planning? ›

Although the terms sometimes are used interchangeably, contingency planning is a specific type of scenario planning. Scenario planning usually anticipates gradual change, such as a loss of revenue over time. Contingency planning is for a sudden, drastic turn of events.

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What is the difference between mitigation and contingency plans? ›

Risk mitigation occurs outside risk thresholds. Applying a mitigation plan can reduce the risk likelihood and consequence. Contingency plan does not change the likelihood or consequence of risk – the aim is to control the consequence for a risk event that could occur.

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What are the 6 steps in contingency planning process? ›

6 Steps to Create a Contingency Plan

Analyze Their Severity. Once you've identified the risks you need to plan for, you can decide which risks are the biggest concerns for your project. ...
Come Up with Your Actions. ...
Get the Plan Approved. ...
Communicate the Plan. ...
Review, Review, Review!

Nov 19, 2021

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What are the key elements of contingency planning? ›

The key elements of a contingency plan are “protection, detection, and recoverability.”

What are the four major components of contingency planning? ›

Contingency planning consists of four major components: The Business Impact Analysis, the Incident Response Plan, the Disaster Recovery Plan, and the Business Continuity Plan.

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(PDF) CONTINGENCY PLANNING CONTENTS 1a… · CONTINGENCY PLANNING CONTENTS (This contents page does not form part of the Grid Code) Paragraph No/Title Page Number OC9.1 INTRODUCTION - PDFSLIDE.NET (2024)

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What are the 7 steps in contingency planning? ›

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References